Carolyn McMakin, M.A., D.C., is the clinical director of the Fibromyalgia and Myofascial Pain Clinic of Portland, Oregon. She developed Frequency Specific Microcurrent (FSM) in 1995 and began teaching FSM courses in 1997. In addition to maintaining a part time clinical practice, she teaches seminars on the use of FSM in the United States, Australia, Europe and the Middle East. She has lectured at the National Institutes of Health and at medical conferences in the US, England, Ireland and Australia on the subjects of fibromyalgia and myofascial pain syndrome, fibromyalgia associated with cervical spine trauma and on the differential diagnosis and treatment of pain and pain syndromes and sports injuries.

Her peer-reviewed publications include papers on the FSM induced changes in inflammatory cytokines and substance P seen with FSM treatment of fibromyalgia associated with spine trauma, treatment of pain in the head, neck and face, and low back caused by myofascial trigger points, delayed onset muscle soreness, shingles and neuropathic pain. She treats and consults with various NFL and MLB teams and players on the use of Frequency Specific Microcurrent in the treatment of sports injuries. Her textbook Frequency Specific Microcurrent in Pain Management was published by Elsevier in 2010. Her book for patients, The Resonance Effect, was released in March 2017.